Brick-kiln



2 Sheets-Sheet 2.A

(No Model.) y

B. RETHERFORD.

l BRICK KILN.

No. 306,960. Y Patented Oovt. 2l, 1884.

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'h/ j? f2 Ema/a? Nrrnn 'STATES BENTON RETHERFORD, OF BRINGHURST, INDIANA.

BRICK-KiLN.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,950, dated October 21, 1884.

Application filed July 10, 1884. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, BENTON RETHERFORD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bringhurst, in the county of Carroll and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns, of which the following is aspecication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in 1o lbrick and tile kilns, and has for its object the provision of a kiln wherein the products of combustion are conveyed from furnaces located on opposite sides of the kiln across the kiln, and thence upward to openings near the top of the kiln; thence obliquely across the. kiln through the ware; thence into openings which connect with the chimneys, whereby the heat is made to take a tortuous course through the kiln by crossing and recrossing 2o the same; and-the invention consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a horizontal section of a kiln provided with my improvements, the view being taken on a line corresponding with the line 2 2 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 1 1 ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal vertical section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1,

and Fig. 4 is a similar longitudinal section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference in the several drawings denote like or corresponding parts. Referring to the drawings, A designates a kiln, having side walls, B B', end walls, G C',

iioor D, and roof E. The sidewalls, B B', are

doublew-that is to say, have an outer wall, b,

and an inner wall, b'-each of which is pro- 40 vided with a series (preferably four in number) of iiues, F F', extending from bottom to top thereof. (See Figs. l and 2.) Every alternate iiue F is provided at its top with a short smoke-stack, j', open at the top for the 4 5 n escape of smoke, and provided with a damper,

f'. The fines F are provided near their bottoms with apertures f2, opening into the i11- terior of the kiln above the floor thereof. Near the closed tops of the iiues F' are apertures f3,

5o which open into the kiln, as shown. The lower ends of the fines F' connect with lateral flues G,-. that extend transversely across the kiln upon the floor thereof, and connect with furnaces H H', preferably located on the outside of the walls B B'. v

By reference to Fig. lit will be seen that the furnaces H H' are arranged on opposite sides of the kiln, for reasons hereinafter more fully explained. i

I designates a grate resting upon the arches of the lateral flues G, which have apertures y formed in the tops thereof between the bars of the grate. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) These apertures are inclined in opposite directions, forming cross-currents of the heated air as it passes into the kiln from said lateral lues..

' C2 is a door in the end wall C'. C3 C3 are openings or windows to admit light and air to the interior of the kiln, for which purpose the roof E is provided with apertures e. 7o

h are openings in the side walls for observing the condition of the ware while exposed to the fire.

The operation of my improved kiln is as follows: The brick or tile being placed upon the grate I, with proper interstices for the passage of the air-currents, the res are lighted in the furnaces H H', from which the products of combustion pass through the lateral iiues, G, to the vertical iiues F', thence through the openings f3 to the interior of the kiln, thence obliquely and across the kiln to the openings f2 in the flues F, and thence through said flues to the external air.

In Fig. 2 the abovedescribed course of the 8 5 products is shown by the full-line arrows m in their "passage from the furnace H', the dotted lines a showing a similar passage of products of combustion from the next alternate furnace H.

While some of the heated air is passing through the flues as above described, some of it is escaping through the apertures g in the lateral flues G, such escaping currents crossing and recrossing, as shown by the lines o in Fig. 3.

By having the arrangement of furnaces and flues herein shown and described, advantage is taken of unfavorable currents of air outside of the kiln, whereby economy of heat and time and a more uniform burning of the tile or brick is obtained.

IOO

Modifications and alterations in the number of furnaces and iiues and of the forni and proportions of the parts composing my kiln can be made without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages thereof; and I would therefore have it understood that I reserve the right to make such changes as fairly fall within the scope of my invention.

I am aware that it is not broadly new to make a brick-kiln with furnaces located on one side thereof, from which the products of combustion traverse a tortuous course in one direction somewhat similar to that hereinbefore described.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. A brick or tile kiln having furnaces located at opposite sides thereof, lues having apertures opening into the kiln through the grate I, thence extending` upwardly and provided with openings at the top thereof, in conibination with vertical iiues which connect with the kiln on opposite sides and at the lower end thereof, substantially as described, for causing the products of combustion to pass -in alternate currents from the top of one side wall to the bottom of the opposite side wall, as herein described.

2. A brick or tile kiln having double side walls provided with vertical ilues, in which openings into the kiln alternate at top and bottom, in combination with horizontal transverse iiue or fines, and furnaces located at opposite sides of the kiln and alternating` in horizontal position with one another, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a brick or tile kiln, the side walls, B B', each having alternating ilues F F', provided, respeetively, with apertures f f at their upper and lower ends, which open into the kiln, in combination with the transverse ilues G, having apertures g, which also open into the kiln, grate I, and furnaces II II', located at opposite sides ofthe kiln and exteri orly to the walls thereof.

4; In a brick or tile kiln, the combination of the following elements: double side walls, I3 I3', each provided with ilues F F', having alternating closed and open upper ends, and apertures jgf, transverse flues G, provided with openings g, grate I, door G2, openings C, h, and c, furnaces II II', and dampers f', substantial] y as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

3. BNTON RE'IIIERFDI). 4Witnesses:

Anios R. W'ooDs, D. R. HARBOUR. 

